The role of high-tech noninvasive cardiovisualization methods in early diagnosis and prognosis of coronary artery disease
Abstract
Modern data on the possibilities and importance of advanced noninvasive imaging methods in the early detection of coronary artery disease (CAD) and assessment of the risk of its progression, such as multispiral computed tomographic angiography (MSCT-AG) of the coronary arteries, are systematized. The article discusses in detail the contribution of MSCT-AH to the comprehensive assessment of coronary atherosclerosis. The importance of quantitative analysis of coronary calcium as an important predictor of adverse cardiovascular events is emphasized. The possibilities of the method are discussed in the accurate assessment of the degree of coronary artery stenosis, as well as in the detailed characterization of atherosclerotic plaques, including their structure, density and detection of signs of instability. Special attention is paid to the assessment of the vascular remodeling index, which reflects adaptive or pathological changes in the vascular wall in response to plaque formation. A critically important aspect is the determination of the fractional blood flow reserve (FFR), calculated on the basis of MSCT-AG data, which makes it possible to noninvasively assess the hemodynamic significance of stenoses, which is of paramount importance in the destabilization of coronary atherosclerosis and the choice of optimal treatment tactics.
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