Clinical portrait of a patient who suffered a myocardial infarction and acute cerebrovascular accident, according to outpatient registry data

Abstract

Purpose: to determine the clinical and epidemiological characteristics and laboratory and instrumental research indicators, the profile of cardiovascular risk factors in patients who have suffered myocardial infarction and stroke, and to establish their adherence to treatment before and after the reference event over a 12-year observation period.

Materials and methods. An analysis of data from 410 patients who presented to an outpatient clinic between January 1, 2019, and December 31, 2022, with confirmed acute (recurrent) myocardial infarction and/or stroke was conducted. Statistical software packages (SPSS, SAS, STATISTIKA 10, Stata) and programming languages ​​(R, Python) were used.

Results. Lipid metabolism disorders were detected in 36.8% (n=151). Hypolipidemic therapy was prescribed in 21.7% (n=89) of patients, and in the stroke group - 7.9% (n=18). In patients who had a history of MI and stroke, it was 45% (n=9). Among patients with MI (MI group), lipid-lowering therapy was prescribed in 38.5% (n=6). 2.4% (n=10) of excess weight decreased, 1.9% (n=8) of those who quit smoking, 3.4% (n=14) of those who achieved target lipidogram values, 0.2% (n=1) of those who adjusted their diet, and 0.2% (n=1) of those who improved physical activity. The highest level of compliance with recommended measures was observed in relation to the treatment of arterial hypertension - 88.5% (n=363).

Conclusion. In patients who have had myocardial infarction and stroke, the following clinical, epidemiological and laboratory characteristics have been identified, as well as the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors: smoking, alcohol abuse, arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity and diabetes mellitus.