Vascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension: risk factors and prevention
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension in patients represent a significant challenge in modern medicine. The article examines the pathogenesis, clinical features, and complications of these comorbid conditions. The combination of type 2 diabetes and arterial hypertension leads to accelerated development of micro- and macrovascular complications. Prolonged elevation of blood pressure contributes to a diabetogenic effect and increases the risk of vascular complications. Key features—salt sensitivity, albuminuria, isolated systolic hypertension, and orthostatic hypotension—further complicate the situation. The authors discuss the results of recent studies on the prevention and treatment of these complications, emphasizing the importance of maintaining blood pressure within target levels and adopting an individualized therapeutic approach. Metabolic control and lifestyle modification provide additional opportunities for prevention. In conclusion, it is noted that a systemic and comprehensive approach is essential to prevent complications in patients with type 2 diabetes and arterial hypertension.
About the Authors
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