Воспалительные биомаркеры для стратификации сердечно-сосудистого риска
Получена: 2026-05-15
Опубликована: 2026-09-02
Аннотация
Актуальность: Воспалительные процессы играют ключевую роль в патогенезе атеросклероза и сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ССЗ). В последние годы значительное внимание уделяется использованию воспалительных индексов, рассчитываемых на основе стандартного общего анализа крови, для прогнозирования сердечно-сосудистого риска.
Цель: Провести комплексный анализ современных научных данных о воспалительных маркерах и их практической значимости в прогнозировании сердечно-сосудистых событий.
Материалы и методы: Произведен анализ публикаций в периодических изданиях за 2012-2025 период, посвященных изучению воспалительных маркеров в кардиологии. В качестве источников привлекались материалы систематических обзоров, результатов масштабных эпидемиологических исследований и данных контролируемых клинических испытаний из электронных библиотечных систем, более 40 высокоцитируемых исследований из баз данных Scopus и Web of Science (2012-2025), включая мета-анализы с общим охватом более 800 000 пациентов.
Результаты: Множественные воспалительные показатели демонстрируют независимую прогностическую ценность для сердечно-сосудистых осложнений. Системный иммунно-воспалительный индекс (SII) демонстрирует высокую прогностическую ценность с AUC = 0.78, системный индекс воспалительного ответа (SIRI) - AUC = 0.82, отношение нейтрофилов к лимфоцитам (NLR) - AUC = 0.75, отношение тромбоцитов к лимфоцитам (PLR) - AUC = 0.71. Комплексные индексы превосходят по эффективности отдельные маркеры.
Выводы: Воспалительные индексы представляют собой доступные, экономически эффективные и воспроизводимые биомаркеры для стратификации сердечно-сосудистого риска, дополняющие традиционные факторы риска и цитокиновые маркеры. Интеграция в клиническую практику способно улучшить прогнозирование оценки риска и обосновать терапевтические решения.
Ключевые слова
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