Molecular Genetic Aspects of Sudden Death in Young Individuals
Received: 2026-07-04 17:11:37
Published: 2026-03-29
Abstract
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) in young individuals is a significant medical and social problem, a substantial proportion of which is caused by inherited disorders of myocardial electrical activity. The aim of this review was to summarize current concepts of the molecular genetic mechanisms of sudden cardiac death in young patients. An analytical review was conducted of current national and international scientific publications, clinical guidelines, and molecular genetic research data devoted to inherited channelopathies. It was shown that the main causes of SCD in children and young adults are inherited channelopathies, including long and short QT syndromes, Brugada syndrome, catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, and early ventricular repolarization syndrome. The role of mutations in ion channel genes and regulatory proteins in the formation of the arrhythmogenic substrate is described. Genetic heterogeneity and the overlapping involvement of individual genes in the pathogenesis of various forms of channelopathies are noted. Timely identification of molecular genetic markers of SCD and comprehensive clinical genetic risk assessment make it possible to improve the prevention of life-threatening arrhythmias and optimize the management of patients and their relatives.
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